Veneer



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L. A. MGRRISON & J. LARSBN. v MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING V'BNEER.

Na. samsa. Patented Sept. 8, 1896.

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L. A MORRISON & J LARSEN MACHINE FOR MANUPAGTURING VENEER. No. 567,153.

Patented Sept. 8, 1896.

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L. A. MORRISON & J. LARSEN. MACHINE FOR MANUFAGTURING VENEER.

' No. 567,153. Pat ted Sept. 8, 1896.

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" L. A. MORRISON & J. L-ARSEN.

MAGHINE FOR MANUFACTURING VENEER.

' No. 567,153. Patented Sept.'8, 1896.

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LLEVVELLYN A. MORRISON AND JOHN LARSEN, OF TORONTO, CANADA; SAID LARSENASSIGNOR TO SAID MORRISON.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING VENEERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 567,153, datedSeptember 8, 1896.

Application filed February 7, 1893. Serial No. 461,403. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, LLEWELLYN A. Mon- RISON and JOHN LARSEN, of thecity of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario,Canada, have invented a certain new and Improved Machine for theMannfacture of Veneers, of which the following is a specification.

The object of the invention is to produce a veneer-cutting machine inwhich the angle of the veneer-knife may be altered to suit the thicknessof the veneer to be out without moving the cutting edge of the saidknife, and to arrange, in connection with the veneermachine, acrosscut-knife which will automatically cut the sheets of veneer intopredetermined lengths; and it consists, first, of a veneer-knife havingits cutting edge set on a line leading to the center of the log andcarried on a circular bearing having the cut ting edge of the knife asthe center of its circle; second, of a crosscut-knife provided withmechanism arranged in connection with the veneer-machine,-s0 that themovement of the veneer shall put the mechanism into action atpredetermined periods, so as to cut the sheet-veneer into predeterminedlengths, the machine being otherwise constructed in detail ashereinafter more particularly explained, and then definitely claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of ourimproved machine. Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-section of theveneer-knife and its supports. Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective detailof the gearing for feeding the carriage. Fig. 4 is a perspec-' tive viewof the scarfing-carriage. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of thescarfingcarriage and the log on the line 0c 41;, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is asectional elevation of the clutch-pulley. Fig. 7 is a sectionalelevation showing the balljournal on the log-spindle. Fig. 8 is aperspective View of a crosscut-knife and mechanism connected therewith.Fig. 9 is an end section of the crosscut-knife. Figs. 10, 11, and 12 aredetails of the friction-pulley. Fig.

13 is a view showing the connection between the veneer andcrosscut-knife.

A represents the main frame of the machine; B, he carriage; O, the blockor frame by which the veneer-knife D is supported. Each end of thisblock or frame 0 is shaped on a circle and rests upon a block E, formedon a circle and fixed to the carriage B. The face of each block E andbottom of the block O,restin g thereon,are shaped on a circle struckfrom the cutting edge of the knife D. Consequently by moving the blockor frame O in its supports the angle of the veneer-knife D may bealtered without moving the cutting edge of the said knife. The angle ofthe block or frame O is adjusted by the movement of the set-screws F,the jam-nuts G being employed to lock the frame 0 when it has been setat its proper angle. As the cutting edge of the knife is the center ofthe circle on which the bearing is formed and as the said cutting edgeis set on a line leading to the center of the log any adjustment of theangle of the knife for the purpose of cutting thin or thick veneer isaccomplished without moving the position of the cutting edge. Thecutting of the knife will remain the same whether in removing a thin ora thick veneer. I

H is a pressure-bar slidingly supported upon the block or frame 0. Aworm-wheel I, connected to a spindle and situated one at each end of theframe C,is connected by means of a nut to the pressure-bar H in suchamanner that the revolving of the worm-wheel I adjusts the pressure-barI-I toward or away from the log. A spindle J is supported, as indicatedin Fig. 1, which has two worms K formed on it to engage with theworm-wheels I. On one end of the spindle J we place a crank or handwheel L in order that the operator of the machine may easily adjust thepressure-bar H to suit the thickness of the tion and operation of thescarfing-knife-N will be understood. This scarfing-knife is fixed on thespindle O, which is pivoted or j ournaled in the frame or bracket P,suitably connected and carried by the pressure-bar II. Q, is a barconnected to the spindle O and designed to rest upon the spindle R, bywhich the log is supported. S is a spring connected to the swingingframe by which the knife N is carried. This spring is acted upon by aset-screw T, so that the depth of the cutting made by the knife mayeasily be regulated. The scarfing-knife N is placed in the properposition and set at the proper angle to bevel or scarf the end of thelog, and the bar Q rests upon the spindle R, by which the log issupported, and the scarfing-knife is held at the proper relative angleto the circumference of the log during the whole time that the sheet ofveneer is being cut off.

In Fig. 7 we show a sectional detail to illustrate theantifriction-bearing which we provide to resist the thrust or backpressure upon the end of the spindle R. This spindle, it will beobserved on reference to Fig. 7, passes through a sleeve U, which issupported by the frame A. The outer end of the sleeve U carries athreaded spindle R which is screwed through a nut V, formed on orconnected to the interior of the spindle R. The spindle R is held fromend motion by the hub of the hand-wheel U and the collar U It will beseen from this construction that the spindle R may be readily adjustedlengthwise and that its thrust is entirely conveyed to the sleeve U.Between the flange TV, on the end of the sleeve U, and the face of theframe A we place three annular plates or rings a, b, and c. The platesat and c are preferably made of hardened steel and the plate or ring I)of brass. This latter ring has a series of holes cl, (see Fig. 7,) whichare arranged as shown zigzag around the center of the plate or ring 0,as shown. Into each of these holes at we insert a small ball 6,preferably made of hard steel and projecting slightly through both sidesof the plate I), so that the plate a and 0 will fit against the balls 6when they are brought together, as indicated in Fig. 7. By providing theballs 6 in the position indicated, the weight of the back thrust 011 thespindle R will be entirely carried by them, and as they are arranged sothat they do not follow each other the surfaces of the plates a and 0will not be channeled by the action of the balls as much as it would beif the balls were arranged in line, and it will be found that thefriction from the said back pressure will be imperceptible.

X is a rod suitably supported in bearings in the frame A and providedwith two miterpinions Y, arranged to mesh with miter-wheels Z, which arefixed to the screw-spindles by which the carriage B is adjusted. Nearthe end of the rod X, which is divided, as indi cated in Fig. 6, we fixa clutch A, and opposite to the clutch A we loosely journal a similarclutch B, which is driven by an independ (Not-shown in the drawings.)Beent belt.

tween the clutches A and B we place the movable clutch O, which is heldto the rod X by a feather-key (not shown) and which permits it to belongitudinally adjusted on the red X. The two ends of the clutch O areshaped to engage with either of the two clutches A and B. are engagedwith the clutch A. Consequently the rod X is made to revolve in thedirection necessary to move the carriage B toward the log. This motionis produced from the main shaft by means of the gearing shown in Figs. 1and 3, which is suiiiciently clear in the drawin gs to avoid thenecessity of further descrip tion in the specification, particularly aswe do not claim anything peculiar in the said gearing; nor do We claimanything very special in the clutch, but, however, we do claim someoriginality in the mechanism we use for moving the clutch C, by whichthe motion of the carriage is automatically arrested.

On reference to Fig. 3 it will be observed that we provide a forked rodD, which engages with the groove E, (see Fig. 6,) formed in the clutchO. This rod is pivoted at f and extends back over the rock-shaft F. 011this red we fix a dog g, which serves as a lock to hold the forked rod Din position while the gearing is in action. A spring 7b is fixed to therod D and is set so as to fit below the dog g, so that the rod D shallbeheld against the said dog.

Gr is a crank fixed to the rock-shaft F, and from this crank G we carrya rod H. Acollar j is formed on the rod 11. When the carriage by whichthe knives are supported has been fed in as far as desired, it comes incontact with the collarj, which pushes the crank G over and carries thedog g clear of the forked rod D, which Will immediately spring past thesaid dog by the action of its spring 72 and thus carry the clutch Cclear of the clutch A, and thus stop the forward movement of thecarriage. The clutch C is run by an independent belt in the oppositedirection to that in which the clutch A is caused to revolve. In orderto cause the carriage to travel back, the clutch O is moved so as toengage with the clutch B.

The foregoing is a description of the mechan ism we employ for cuttingthe veneer from the log, and as it is necessary or advisable to cut thesheets of veneer into predertermined sizes we provide the followingmechanism to work in connection with the mechanism just described. a

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the crosseutknife.

The side frame 2 is suitably connected to support the following parts:

3 is the bed-plate, provided with the bearing-boxes 4. In thesebearing-boxes is fitted the shaft 5. The portions of the shaft 5 whichfit into the bearing-boxes i are concentric with the center of the shaft5.

6 is the cross-head, arranged to support the As shown in Fig. 1, theyknife 7. Bearing-boxes '8 are made in the cross-head 6 to rest upon andbe fitted to the shaft 5. The portions of the shaft 5 which fit into thebearing-boxes 8 are eccentric to the center of the shaft 5. Consequentlywhen the said shaft revolves the cross-head 6 will Joe caused to riseand fall in proportion to the throw of the eccentric formed on the saidshaft 5. In order that the entire weight of the cross-head 6 and itsknife 7 shall not be carried by the bearings, we provide springs 9,which are arranged to support the major portion of the weight.

10 is a beam having jaw-shaped ends 11. Each end 11 is connected to itsframe 2 by the pin 13, and at each end 11 a block 14 is fitted into thejaw. These blocks 14 are connected, respectively, to-each end of thecrosshead 6 by means of a pin 15. The projection 16 is made on the endof the cross-head 6 and is flexibly connected to the short shaft 17,which is movably connected to the block 18, formed upon or attach ed tothe end of the vertical shaft 19-, which is geared, as indicated in Fig.8, to the shaft 5. The block 18 acts as a crank upon the shaft 19-, andas the short shaft 17 is adjustable in the said block the length of thethrow of the crank may be altered to give the length of the stroke tothe knife desired. As the beam 10 is pivotally connected to the frame 2and the cross-head 6, carrying the knife 7, is pivotally connected tothe blocks 14 in thebeam 10, the said crosshead with its knife will movefreely without fear of any binding or straining of the parts. On thebottom of the beamv 10 we connect by clamps 20 a piece of hard wood21,which acts as a cutting-block against which the knife 7 acts whilecutting the sheet of veneer which is carried between the said knife 7and beam 10. Owing to the arrangement of the parts described, when theshaft 5 revolves the cocentric portion of the said shaft imparts, asbefore described, an upward and downward movement to the knife 7, and alongitudinal movement is simultaneously imparted to the said cross-head,and as the knife 7 is carried by the said cross-head a similar cuttingmovement is imparted to the said knife, causing the knife at eachrevolution to act. upon the veneer carried past it.

On reference to Fig. 9 it will be observed that an extension-piece 22isformed on the cross-head 6 to form a back for the knife 7, and to thisback 22 we pivot one or more spindles 23 to fit into springs 24, therebyformingflexible supports to the extensionpiece of the cross-head 6 inorder that the said cross-head may be supported and yet move freely inthe different positions required. In order that the knife 7 will onlyact at predetermined periods, we-provide the following mechanism, bywhich the cross-cutting machine is thrown into action when required'bythe movement of the veneer leaving. the veneer machine: A pulley 25 isloosely joun naled upon the shaft 5, and has a projecting rim into whichthe following clutch mechanism is inserted. This consists of half-rims26. In the center of each half-rim 26 a projection 27 is placed, andfrom this projection a pin 28 extends and fits into one of the arms ofthe spider 29. (See Fig. 11.) To each projection 27 two springs 30 areconnected at one end, the other end of each spring being connected tothe spider 29, the tension of the said springs holding them closetogether, so that the outer periphery of the half-rims 26 shall not bein contact with the inner circumference of the pulley 25. Consequentlythe said pulley 25 will continue to revolve freely until the rim 26 isbrought into contact with it. On the inside of each half-rim 26 a lug 31is formed, and through each of these lugs a set-screw engaging the endof the pivoted dog 32 is placed.

On the end of the arm 33' of the spider 29 we pivot a fly 34, and. onthe end of its pivot we connect an arm 35, and the other end of the saidarm is connected to. the plate 36, which is attached to or forms part ofthe hollow sleeve 37 (see Fig. 12,.) in which sleeve a spiral spring 38is. placed, one: end of this spring being fixed to the sleeve 37, whichis loose on the shaft 5, and the other end to a collar 39, which issecured to the shaft 5.

40 is an arm connected to the sleeve 37 and extending behind the stop41. The normal position of this stop is in the path of the arm 40, andso long. asthe. stop ll remains in this position it resists the strainof the spring 38, and the fiy 34 is held in such a position as to beclear of the dogs 32,, and the rims 26 remain clear of the pulley 25..The moment that the stop 41 is moved clear of the arm 40 the spring 38immediately causes the sleeve 37 to revolve in the direction of thearrows, thus moving the arms 32 by means of the arms 35 and fiies 34,and pulling the halfrims 26. apart and pressing. them against theinterior surface of the pulley 25,.thereby connecting the said pulley 25to the shaft 5 and causing the said shaft to. revolve. By the time thatthe shaft 5 has made one revolution the stop 41 has byi-ts spring 42-returned to. its initial position in the path; of thearm 40, arrestingthe motion of the said arm andconsequently of the sleeve 37, therebymoving the arm33 so as to throw the fly'34 clear of the dogs 32,.therebypermittingthesprings 30 to draw the rims 26 together, clear of theinterior surface of the pulley 25, consequently arresting the motion ofthe shaft 5. Simultaneously with the arm iO'comi ng in contact with thestop-41 the arm 43. strikes the said stop, and as this arm. 43 isfastenedtothe shaft 5 the, said shaft is thereby prevented being actedupon by the spring. 38-;

Various devices may be arranged to cause the stop-4L1 to; be tripped,but the following will be found a simple device: On reference to. Fig.13 a trigger'ii willbe observed located IIO at the end of the veneer 45,which, as shown in this figure, has been cut by the veneer-ma chine andcarried over the knife 7. By the time that it has reached the trigger 44it is time that the sheet should be cut oif, to do which it is necessaryto start the mechanism by which the knife 7 is operated. It will benoticed that the trigger 44 is pivoted on the end of a rod 46 and thatthis trigger is connected to the horizontal rod 47, so that when theveneer 45 pushes against the trigger 44 the rod 47 is rolled so as tothrow the arm 48 (see Fig. down, and as this arm 48 is connected to thestop 41 by the spring-dog 49 the said stop 41 is drawn down clear of thearm 40, thereby bringing the clutch mechanism into contact with thepulley and thus cause, as already described, the shaft 5 to revolve. Themoment that the stop 41 is carried clear of the arm 40 the said armstrikes the dog 49, throwing it off the stop 41, which is instantlybrought back into its initial position by the action of its spring 42.The moment that the clutch mechanism already described is carried clearof the pulley 25 the action of the knife 7 is stopped until sufficientveneer has passed it to strike the trigger 44, when the cutting actionis once more started. It will of course be seen that by moving thetrigger 44 the length of the sheet to be cut off may be altered.

What we claim as our invention is- 1. In a veneer-machine, and incombination with log-supporting means and the pressurebar, of a swingingframe, a scarfing-knife pivotallysupported in the frame, a springsecured to the said frame and bearing on the knife, and anadjusting-screw to set against the spring and adjust the cut of theknife, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a veneer-machine, and in combination with log-supporting means andthe pressurebar, of a frame pivotally supported on the pressure-bar, ascarfing-knife pivotally supported in the said frame, a spring to bearon the knife, an adjusting-screw to set against the spring to adjust thecut of the knife, and means for automatically adjusting the knife tokeep it at the same angle to the leg as the log decreases in size,substantially as shown and described.

3. In a veneer-machine, the combination of a shaft having bearingsconcentric to the axis thereof, and portions intermediate of thebearings thereof eccentric thereto, a cross-head having bearings on theeccentric portions of the shaft and formed with a back piece, a knifeseated in the back piece, and yielding supports connected to the backpiece,wl1ereby the cross-head is supported to move freely in itsdifferent positions, as specified.

4. The combination with the knife-operating shaft having an eccentricportion, the cross-head and knife operated thereby, said knife beingcarried and supported by the cross-head, of springs 9 arranged under thecross-head, one end of said springs being connected to alaterally-projecting portion of said cross-head and the other end to apro jecting portion on the base of the machineframe, substantially asshown and described.

5. In a veneer-machine, the combination of the beam 10, havingjaw-shaped ends 11, supported 011 pins 13, and provided with abuffer-strip of wood 21 fixed to the bottom edge of the beam, avertically-reciprocating crosshead 6 having the ends arranged to slidein the jaws on the beam ends, a knife secured to the cross-head, andmeans to reciprocate the cross-head, substantially as shown anddescribed.

6. In a veneer-machine, a knife for cutting the veneer intopredetermined lengths, mechanism for operating said knife, and a clutchfor putting said mechanism into and out of gear, a stop 41 acting onsaid clutch to hold the knife in an inoperative posit-ion, a rockshaftprovided with means for moving said stop, and a trigger having aconnection with said rock-shaft and arranged to be struck and moved bythe veneer, thereby rocking said shaft and cutting said veneer,substantially as described.

7. In a veneer-machine, a knife arranged to cut the veneer intopredetermined lengths, a driving-shaft 5, having a spider fixed theretoand adapted to operate said knife, a pulley loosely journaled on saidshaft and provided with a projecting rim, half-rims connected to saidspider and held inside of said pulley, springs normally holding the rimstogether, flies connected with the spider and adapted to separate thehalf-rims, arms 35, each having one of its ends connected to one of theflies and its other end to a sleeve on said driving-shaft, a springhaving one end connected to said sleeve and its other end having aconnection with said shaft, an arm projecting from the said sleeve and astop in the path of said arm, in combination with means for moving saidstep arranged to be operated by the veneer as it leaves the machine,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In a veneer-machine, a knife arranged to cut the veneer intopredetermined lengths, a driving-shaft having a pulley thereon andarranged to operate said knife, a clutch mechanism within said pulleyadapted to start and stop said shaft, an arm 40 depending from saidmechanism, and a stop 41 in the path of the stop 40 arranged to keep thedriving-shat? t inoperative, in combination with mechanism arranged inthe path of the veneer as it leaves the cutting apparatus andconstructed to move the stop 41 by the action of the veneer when leavingthe machine, whereby the driving-shaft is operated and the veneer cut,substantially as described.

9. In a Veneer-machine, a knife arranged to cut the veneer intopredetermined lengths, a driving-shaft having a pulley thereon andarranged to operate said knife, a clutch mechto be operated by the saidveneer, whereby 1o anism within said pulley adapted to start and thedriving-shaft is operated and the Veneer stop said shaft, an arm 40depending from out, substantially as described.

said mechanism, and a stop 41 in the path of Toronto, January 26, 1892.

said stop 40, in combination With the rock- LLEWELLYN A. MORRISON. shaft47, arm 48 connected thereto, and a JOHN LARSEN.

trigger 44 having a connection with said rock- In presence ofshaft andarranged in the path of the Veneer O. M. NEFF,

as it leaves the cutting apparatus and adapted J. EDW. MAYBEE.

